An attribute of impact, requiring an investor or company's thoughtful and reasonable articulation of the degree to which its support causes a change in an outcome that would have not otherwise happened (in a no-intervention or business as usual baseline scenario).

The process of allocating credit for GHG impact based on the relative contributions of various participants in the value chain.

Verification that claims of GHG impact are free from errors, omissions, or misstatements. This is also associated with third-party verification of an investor’s impact methodology and practices.

A projection of GHG emissions over time, representing what would have happened in the absence of an investment or a climate solution.

A part of an overall solution that plays a critical role in delivering GHG impact. The GHG impact will depend on the use case for the product that contains the component.

When a solution can be purchased as a whole to yield GHG impact (for example, an electric vehicle, heat pump, or more sustainably produced food product).

An intervention or innovation in a technology, product, service, device, or process that may result in GHG impact.

The ratio of emissions per unit of activity or object (e.g., grams of carbon dioxide emitted per barrel of oil burned or pound of steel produced).

A solution that indirectly advances our ability to reduce emissions or adopt a direct climate solution, which will ultimately deliver or accelerate GHG impact.

Total GHG emissions caused directly and indirectly by an individual, organization, event or product

GWP consists of multipliers applied to greenhouse gasses such as methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) to equate the impact they have on the Earth’s temperature with that of carbon dioxide (CO2) over a particular time horizon. It provides a common scale for measuring the climate effects of different gasses.

The practice of making misleading or false claims about the environmental benefits of a product, service, or company, with the intention of deceiving consumers into believing that it is more environmentally friendly than it actually is.

Attributing portions of emissions reduction impact across contributors along the value chain.

The comparable technology, product, service, device, or process (i.e. status quo) that a proposed climate solution aims to displace in the market

A proposed climate solution that offers reduced GHG emissions compared to an incumbent may sometimes encourage people to switch from other low or zero GHG options to a higher emissions product.

Direct GHG emissions that occur from sources that are owned or controlled by the reporting company, such as emissions from combustion of fossil fuels in boilers, furnaces, and vehicles.

Indirect GHG emissions that result from the generation of purchased electricity, heat, or steam consumed by the reporting company.

All indirect emissions that occur in a company's value chain, including both upstream and downstream emissions.

The divide between what is included in and what is excluded from a system of study.

Attributing portions of impact across the shareholders of the company that has put the proposed climate solution on the market.